HIV causes AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, attacks the immune system, the natural defense against illness.A mother can also transmit an STI to her child during pregnancy. Some STIs can also spread from other activities such as deep kissing. STIs are infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, and parasites that spread from person to person through vaginal, anal, and oral sex. Fortunately, many STIs can be cured and for those that cannot be cured yet, medications are available that can effectively lessen symptoms and reduce the risk of transmission. Since many STIs have no symptoms, people can unknowingly spread infections to their sexual partners. For men, STIs raise the risk for lifelong infections, infertility, and possibly cancer. Having had an STI puts a woman at higher risk for a wide range of conditions, including pelvic pain, fertility problems, and increased risk of ectopic pregnancies (when the fertilized egg implants outside the uterus). Sheth, MD, MPH, a Yale Medicine obstetrician-gynecologist. “What’s often not understood is that many of these STIs can have long-term consequences, especially for women,” says Sangini S. In 2020, for example, people between the ages of 15 and 24 accounted for 53% of reported STI cases. While STIs can affect people of any age, they are most commonly reported in adolescents and young adults. The health agency estimates that in 2018, one in five people in the United States had an STI. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), between 20 the reported cases of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis increased by almost 30%. Sexually transmitted diseases (STIs), also known as sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), might be difficult to talk about, but it’s important to realize the risks they pose and how common they are.
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